GIS-Forecasted Surface Hydrology for Reducing Risks of Food Production (Northern West Coast, Egypt)

Abd El-Hady, AbdRab EL-Naby Mohamed; Aggag, Ahmed Mohamed; Abdelaty, Emad Fawzy; Bahnassy, Mohamed Hassan

doi:10.21608/jalexu.2015.161386

GIS-Forecasted Surface Hydrology for Reducing Risks of Food Production (Northern West Coast, Egypt)

Document Type : Research papers

Authors

¹ Prof. , Assoc.Prof. and Lecturer, Dept. Natu. Res. & Agric. Eng., Fac. Agric., Damanhour Univ.

² Assoc.Prof. and Lecturer, Dept. Natu. Res. & Agric. Eng., Fac. Agric., Damanhour Univ.

³ Prof. Soil&Water, Fac.Agric.Alex.univ. (Egypt)

10.21608/jalexu.2015.161386

Abstract

The North Western Coastal Region (NWCR) of Egypt is one of the most promising areas for agricultural development. It extends from Alexandria in the east to Sallum in the west with about 500 km width and 40 km depth. It located between longitude of (29º 50’ 00’’ E and 25º 10’ 00’’E) and latitude (30º 50’ 00’’ N and 31º 10’ 00’’N). The study area (El-Dabaa) covers an area of approximately 60490 hectare. It extends from 606259 E to 651072 E and from 3437982 N to 3416473 N. The area is bounded on the north by the Alex-Matrouh road and on the south by Elgesh road.Four 1:50000 scaled-topographic maps covering the study area were digitized. The watersheds of El-Dabaa studied area that were derived from the digital elevation model (DEM) consist of fourteen basins having area ranged between 8.6 km²to 136.8 km². Stream networks showed twenty eight net outlets that localized the recommended twenty eight reservoirs of rain water. Flow accumulation map indicated that the studied region has large seven-flow accumulation that have the direction from south to north. The posted accumulated flow data were used to calculate the twenty eight reservoirs water capacity by being integrated with (a) slope gradient, (b) forecasted mean precipitation rate of the future climate period (2011-2030), and (c) surface runoff coefficient. The results referred the averaged harvested water may have a maximal (278828 m³/year) and minimal values (18992 m³/year). In addition, results indicated that the construction of these twenty eight water reservoirs may supply the population by 2604325 m³/year for each year of the future period (2011-2030).Results of forecasted crops net irrigation water requirements of the future period (2011-2030), showed clearly that alfalfa needs largest one (1275 mm/year), while barley requires the smallest water requirements (247 mm/season).Furthermore,sorghum and wheat net irrigation water requirements may be 330 and 250 (mm /season), respectively.The compiling of forecasted net irrigation water requirements with that of harvested water reservoirs was conducted to calculate the total optional planting areas of the dominated crops. Alfalfa may be yearly planted over an area 6397.55 feddans. Other, optional planting areas may be 1535.93, 2027.42, and 2052.08 (feddans/season) for sorghum, wheat and barley, respectively.The number of cattle and sheep that can be grazed on irrigated harvested water-barley was calculated to assess land potential grazing capacity. Grazing capacity of the twenty eight locations has ranged between 75 to 1099 and 299 to 4396, for cattle and sheep, respectively. Grazing capacity has its min. and max.,surrounding reservoir no.26 and no.7, respectively. Finally, the yearly optional grazing capacity, through the future period (2011-2030), was expressed by two values;10264 cattle and 41058 sheep.

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