Plant Parasitic Nematodes Infected and Associated with Potato Plants in Northern Egypt

El-Saedy, Mohmed Anwar; Elsamra, Ibrahim Abdelsalam; Amer, Mostafa; Hanafy, Amira Alsaid

Plant Parasitic Nematodes Infected and Associated with Potato Plants in Northern Egypt

Document Type : Research papers

Authors

¹ Plant Pathology Dept., Fac. of Agric., El-Shatby, Alexandria University

² Agricultural Botany Dept., Fac. of Agric., Saba Basha, Alexandria University

Abstract

Anematological survey was conducted to identify plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN) infected or associated with potato plants in five Egyptian governorates. A total of 362 rhizosphere soil and root samples were collected throughout 2014-2017 from the major potato growing cultivation fields in Alexandria, Beheira, Gharbyia, Giza and Monufyia governorates. A total of 12 PPN were presented in the collected soil, roots and tubers of potato plants. The golden nematode, Globodera rostochinses was the most prevalent in most potato fields with 31.7 frequency of occurrence % (FO) and population density (PD) of 219 second stage juveniles (J₂)/250 cm³ soil, followed by the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita with 19.6 FO and 220 J₂/250 cm³soil, then Hoplolaimus spp., Tylenchorhynchus spp., Pratylenchus spp. and Trichodorus spp. with 2.8-6.6 FO and PD of 76-106 nematodes/250 cm³ soil. The other six PPN genera, i.e., Aphelenchoides, Ditylenchus, Helicotylenchus, Hemicriconematoides, Heterodera, and Tylenchus were also detected but with less frequencies of 0.3-1.4 FO and PD of 60-146 nematodes/250 cm³ soil. In Alexandria governorate, 5 PPN genera were presented on the 3 obtained potato cultivars; Burren, Cara and Slaney. The highest FO was recorded with G. rostochensis on Burren and Slaney potato cvs. and Tylenchorhynchus on Burren cv. with 13.6 FO and PD of 147 and117 J₂ or nematodes/250 cm³ soil, respectively. However, M. incognita was only detected on Burren cv. with 4.5 FO and PD of 1050 J₂ /250 cm³ soil. Pratylenchus was presented on Burren and Slaney cvs. with 4.5 and 28.6 FO and PD of 60 and 140 nematodes/250 cm³ soil, respectively. The spiral nematode Helicotylenchus was detected only on Slaney cv. with 14.3 FO and 50 nematodes/250 cm³ soil. In El-Beheira governorate, 12 PPN genera were identified on the 5 surveyed potato cvs; Cara, Galactica, Hermes, Lady Rosetta and Spunta. The golden nematode, G. rostochensis and the root-knot nematode, M. incognita were most prevalent on (Hermes and Spunta) and (Cara, Hermes, Lady Rosetta and Sputa) potato cvs. with 44.4 and 26.9 FO and PD of 229 and 219 J₂/ 250 cm³ soil, respectively. The other PPN genera were found with less FO (0.4-4.3) and PD of (56-187 nematodes/250 cm³ soil. In El-Gharbya governorate, 5 PPN genera (G. rostochinses, M. incognita, Pratylenchus, Tylenchorhynchus and Tylenchus) were presented on the 3 surveyed potato cultivars, i.e., Antonio, Spunta and Mondial. In El-Giza, the 2 genera; Aphelenchoides and M. incognita were only detected on Lady Rosetta and Spunta potato cvs. with 27.3 and 9.1 FO and 157 and 60 nematodes/250 cm³ soil, respectively. In El-Menoufiya, 5 PPN genera were presented on the 2 surveyed potato cvs; Hermes and Krozo. The root-knot nematode M.incognita had the highest FO of 9.5 and 70 J₂/250 cm³ soil on potato cv. Hermes. The other detected genera, i.e., G. rostochienesis, Helicotylenchus, Pratylenchus and Tylenchorhynchus were found with 4 FO and 30-80 nematodes/250 cm³ soil.

Keywords

References

Abou-Elnaga, M. M., M. E. Mahros and S. A. Montasser (1985). A survey of nematodes associated with vegetable crops in Egypt. Journal of Agricultural Research, Tanta University, 11: 547-553.

Ayoub, S.M. (1980). Plant nematology, an agriculture training Aid. Nema. Aid. Publication, Sacramento, California, U.S.A, 195 pp.

Ibrahim, I. K. A., Z. A. Handoo and A. A. El-Sherbiny (2000). A survey of phytoparasitic nematodes on cultivated and non-cultivated plants in North-western Egypt. Supplement to the Journal of Nematology, 32:478-485.

Ibrahim, I. K. A. and A.A. Mokbel (2009). Occurrence and distribution of the root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne Spp. and their host plants in northern Egypt. The Egyptian Society of Experimental Biology, 5:125-129.

Ibrahim, I. K. A., A. A. Mokbel and Z. A. Handoo (2010). Current status of phytoparasitic nematodes and their host plants in Egypt. Nematropica, 40(2): 239-262.

Ibrahim, I. K. A., Z. A. Handoo and A. B. Basyony (2017). The cyst nematodes Heterodera and Globodera species in Egypt. Pakistan Journal of Nematology, 35(2):151-154.

Jatala, P. (1989). Nematodes in tuber and root crops and their management. In: Proceedings of the 11^th International Congress in Plant Protection, Manila, Philippines.

Jensen, H.J., L. Armstrong and P. Jatala (1979). Annotated bibliography of nematode pests of potato. Joint Publication of the International Potato Centre, Apartado 5969, Lima, Peru, and Oregon State University Agricultural Experiment Station, Corvallis, Oregon.

Goody, J. B. (1963). Soil and fresh water nematodes. Methuem and Co., LTD. London, New York. John Wiley and Sons, Inc. 544 pp.

Mai, W.F. (1977). Worldwide distribution of potato cyst nematode and their importance in crop production. Nematology, 9: 30-34.

Mai, W. F. and H. H. Lyon (1975). Pictorial Key to genera of plant parasitic nematodes. Conrnell University Press, Ithaca, New York, 219 pp.

Mokbel, A. A., I. K. A. Ibrahim and M. M. M. El-seady (2006). Plant Parasitic nematode associated with some fruits trees and vegetables crop in Northern Egypt. Egypt Journal Phytopathology, 34(2):43-51.

Palomares-Ruis, J. E, C.M.G. Oliveria and V.C. Blok (2014). "Plant parasitic nematode of potato. In: The potato: Botany, Production and Uses". (Eds. R. Navarre and M. J. Pavek). Wallingford, UK: CAB International, 148-66.

Scurrah, M. I., B. Niere and J. Bridge (2005).Nematode parasites of solanum and sweet Potatoes. In: Plant Parasitic Nematode in Subtropical and tropical Agriculture. (Eds. M. Luc, R. A. Sikora and J.Bridge). CAB International, 2^nd Edition, USA, Washington, Pp 193-212.

Taylor, A. L. and J. N. Sasser (1978). Biology, identification and control of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne species). International Meloidogyne Project. North Carolina State University Graphics.

Yan, G. P., A. Plaisance, D. Huang, A.Upadhaya, N. C. Gudmested and Z. A. Handoo (2016). First record of stubby-root nematode Paratricodorous alllius on potato in North Dakota. Plant Disesases, 100(6):1247.