Analysis of Yield and Its Components in Diallel Crosses of Bread Wheat

Gomaa, Mahmoud; El-banna, Mohamed Nageeb; Nassar, Mohamed Ahmed Abdelgawad; Ashoosh, Hassan Abdellatif; El-sorady, Gawhara Abdelsalam

Analysis of Yield and Its Components in Diallel Crosses of Bread Wheat

Document Type : Research papers

Authors

¹ Plant Production Department- Faculty of Agriculture(Saba Basha)- Alexandria Univ.

² Etay Elbaroud Station- Field Crop Institute- Agricultural Research Center.

Abstract

A half diallel cross among seven parents of wheat (Triticum aestivum, L) was carried out at Etay El-Baroud Agricultural Research Station in El-Behira governorate during the three successive seasons 2012/13, 2013/14 and 2014/15 growing seasons in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Data were recorded for F1 and F2 generations for grain yield /plant (g), number of spikes /plant, number of grains/spike, 1000-grain weight (g), straw yield /plant (g), biological yield /plant (g) and harvest index (%). Mean squares for genotypes, parents, crosses and parent vs. crosses were significant for all the studied traits for F1 and F2 generations. General combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) mean squares were significant for all the studied traits in both generations. GCA/SCA ratios were largely exceeded the unity for all the studied traits in both generations. Wheat cultivar Sids 12 (P1) showed the maximum desirable GCA values for number of grains / spike and 1000-grain weight (g) in both generations. The parent line 1 (P6) followed by Sham 6 (P5) proved to be good combiners for grain yield /plant, straw yield /plant and biological yield /plant. The parent Line 2 (P7) proved to be the best combiner for number of spikes /plant and harvest index. (Sahel 1 x Line 2) cross showed the maximum desirable SCA values for straw yield /plant and harvest index in F1 generation. As well as, for biological yield /plant in both F1 and F2 generations. (Gemmeiza 11 x Line 2) cross showed the best SCA for grain yield /plant and harvest index in F2 generation. ( Gemmeiza 11 x Sham 6) cross gave the maximum SCA for number of spikes /plant and straw yield /plant in F2 generation. (Sids 12 x line 1) cross expressed the highest SCA for grain yield/plant and number of spikes /plant in F1 generation. (Sids 12 x Sahel 1) cross showed the maximum number of spikes /plant in F1 generation. For 1000-grain weight, (Sham 6 x line 1) and (Gemmeiza 11 x line 1) crosses gave the highest SCA in F1 and F2 generations, respectively.

Keywords

References

Abdel-Nour Nadia R. (2005).Heterosis and combining ability of a ﬁve parents diallel of bread wheat. Egypt. J. Agri. Res., 83 (4) 1711-1723.

Aﬁah, S. A. N.; N. A. Mohamed and M. M. Salem (2000).Statistical genetic parameters, heritability and graphical analysis in 8 x 8 wheat diallel crosses under saline conditions. Annals Agric. Sci. (Cairo), 45 (1): 257-280.

Ali I.H. and F.S.Sulaiman (2014). Analysis of combining ability, gene action and heterosis in a full diallel cross of bread wheat. Mesopotamia J. Agric., 22 (1): 2224-9796 (Online) ISSN: 1815-316 X (Print).

Ashoush, H.A.H. (1996). Analysis of diallel cross of some quantitative characters in common wheat (Triticum aestivum, L). Ph.D. Thesis, Fac. of Agric., Moshtohor, Zagazig Univ. (Benha Branch), Egypt.

Ashoush, H.A.; A.A. Hamada and I.H. Darwish (2001). Heterosis and combining ability in F1 and F2 diallel crosses of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). J. Agric. Sci. Mansoura Univ., 26(5): 2579-2592

Attia,S.A.A., Nagwa R. Abed El –Hameid and AtefA.A.Haiba. (2013).Heterosis, combining ability analysis of some bread wheat crosses and the genetic relationship among the included studied cultivars. J. Applied Sci. Res., December; 9(10): 6394-6403.

Darwish, I.H.I. (2003). Diallel cross analysis of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). under stress and normal irrigation treatments. Egypt. J. Plant Breed., 2(1): 252—269.

Fida H., M. Hussain, M. M. Iqbal, M. A. Akhtar, M. Zulkiffzd and Riaz-Ud-Din (2007).Heterosis studies in wheat crosses. J. Agric. Res., 45(4): 337 - 343.

Global Agric. Information Network (2016). FAO Statistical yearbooks – World Food and Agriculture

Griffing, B. (1956). Concept of general combining ability in relation to dialel crossing system. Aust. J. Biol. Sci., 9: 463-493.

Kandil A.A., A.E. Sharief, S.M. Hasnaa and M.A.Gomaa.(2016). Estimation of general and specific combining ability in bread wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). Int. J. Agron. Agric. Res., 8. (2): 37-44.

Memon, S.M., B.A. Ansari and M.Z. Balouch(2005). Estimation of genetic variation for agreoeconomic traits in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L).Ind . J.Plant. Sci., 4:171-175

Montgomery,D.C. (1997). Design and Analysis of Experiments (4 edition). New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Saad, F. F., S. R. E.Abo-Hegazy, E. A. M. EL-Sayed and H. S. Suleiman (2010). Heterosis and combining ability for yield and its components in diallel crosses among seven bread wheat genotypes. Egypt. J. Plant Breed.,14(3):7 – 22(2010).

Sharma, S.N., R.S. Sam and R.K. Sharma (2002). The genetic system controlling number of spikelets/ear in macaroni wheat over environments. Wheat Information Service Number 95: 36-40